{"id":12613,"date":"2020-09-16T08:14:31","date_gmt":"2020-09-16T08:14:31","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/geoeconomics.ge\/?p=12613"},"modified":"2020-10-05T10:53:39","modified_gmt":"2020-10-05T10:53:39","slug":"%e1%83%ac%e1%83%a0%e1%83%98%e1%83%a3%e1%83%9a%e1%83%98-%e1%83%94%e1%83%99%e1%83%9d%e1%83%9c%e1%83%9d%e1%83%9b%e1%83%98%e1%83%99%e1%83%90","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/geoeconomics.ge\/?p=12613","title":{"rendered":"\u10ec\u10e0\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d4\u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10dd\u10db\u10d8\u10d9\u10d0"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u10d1\u10d4\u10e5\u10d0 \u10d1\u10d0\u10d8\u10d0\u10e8\u10d5\u10d8\u10da\u10d8
\n\u10d8\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4 \u10ef\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10ee\u10d8\u10e8\u10d5\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d7\u10d1\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10db\u10ec\u10d8\u10e4\u10dd \u10e3\u10dc\u10d8\u10d5\u10d4\u10e0\u10e1\u10d8\u10e2\u10d4\u10e2\u10d8
\nIV \u10d9\u10e3\u10e0\u10e1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10e2\u10e3\u10d3\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d8
\n\u10d4\u10da-\u10e4\u10dd\u10e1\u10e2\u10d0: beka.baiashvili@wikimedia.ge<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

\u10d0\u10dc\u10dd\u10e2\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0: <\/strong>\u10ec\u10e0\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d4\u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10dd\u10db\u10d8\u10d9\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e4\u10e3\u10eb\u10d5\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10e3\u10e0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e0\u10d4\u10d2\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0\u10e1\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc, \u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10e3\u10e0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10dd\u10de\u10e2\u10d8\u10db\u10d6\u10d8\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0\u10e1\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10db\u10dd\u10e1 \u10db\u10d3\u10d2\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e9\u10d0\u10d9\u10d4\u10e2\u10d8\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10d8\u10d7 \u10db\u10d8\u10e6\u10ec\u10d4\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e3\u10ea\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc \u10db\u10d8\u10d5\u10e7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7. \u10ec\u10e0\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d4\u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10dd\u10db\u10d8\u10d9\u10d0 \u10d4\u10d5\u10e0\u10dd\u10d9\u10d0\u10d5\u10e8\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1, \u10e0\u10d0\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10db\u10d4 \u10e5\u10d5\u10d4\u10e2\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10e1\u10dd\u10e4\u10da\u10d8\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8 \u10d1\u10d8\u10d6\u10dc\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0 \u10db\u10ee\u10d0\u10e0\u10d3\u10d0\u10ed\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10d5\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10ea\u10d4\u10e4\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0\u10d0. \u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10e3\u10ee\u10d4\u10d3\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10d3, \u10ec\u10e0\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d4\u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10dd\u10db\u10d8\u10d9\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10e3\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d9\u10d5\u10da\u10d4\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d6\u10d4\u10d3\u10d0\u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10dd\u10e0\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10d6\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10d0. \u10ec\u10e0\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d4\u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10dd\u10db\u10d8\u10d9\u10d0 \u10d1\u10e3\u10dc\u10d3\u10dd\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10ec\u10d4\u10d5\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10dc\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10d5\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3\u10db\u10d4\u10ea\u10dc\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10ea\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10d0. \u10d0\u10db \u10e1\u10e2\u10d0\u10e2\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10d6\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10d0, \u10ec\u10e0\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d4\u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10dd\u10db\u10d8\u10d9\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d9\u10d5\u10da\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d9\u10d5\u10d4\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10ec\u10d5\u10da\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0.<\/p>\n

Annotation:<\/strong> Circular economy system comes from resource regeneration, and must optimize resource and environmental sustainability within the closed-loop system in the supply chains. Circular economy (CE) is currently a popular concept promoted by the EU, by several national governments and by many businesses around the world. However, the scientific and research content of the CE concept is superficial and unorganized. CE seems to be a collection of vague and separate ideas from several fields and semiscientific concepts. The objective of this article is to contribute to the scientific research on CE.<\/p>\n

\u10db\u10e1\u10dd\u10e4\u10da\u10d8\u10dd\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e6\u10d8\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d9\u10d5\u10da\u10d4\u10d5\u10d8\u10d7\u10d8 \u10dd\u10e0\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10d6\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10dd\u10db\u10d0\u10d3\u10d2\u10d4\u10dc\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10d4\u10ea\u10dc\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10e3\u10d3\u10dd\u10d1\u10d4\u10dc, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db 2050 \u10ec\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10dd\u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10da\u10d4\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10dd\u10ee\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10dd\u10dc\u10d4 \u10eb\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc \u10d2\u10d0\u10d8\u10d6\u10e0\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0. \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10d2\u10dc\u10dd\u10d6\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10ee\u10d4\u10d3\u10d5\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d6\u10e0\u10d3\u10d0\u10db \u10e8\u10d4\u10d8\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10de\u10dd\u10e0\u10ea\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d0\u10d3 \u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10ef\u10d4\u10e0 \u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10e1\u10e8\u10e2\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10de\u10da\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10e2\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ed\u10d8\u10e0\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10db\u10dd\u10d8\u10d7\u10ee\u10dd\u10d5\u10dd\u10e1 (United Nations). \u10db\u10dd\u10e1\u10d0\u10da\u10dd\u10d3\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10d0, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db \u10db\u10dd\u10db\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 40 \u10ec\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10db\u10d0\u10d5\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d1\u10d8\u10dd\u10db\u10d0\u10e1\u10d8\u10e1, \u10ec\u10d8\u10d0\u10e6\u10d8\u10e1\u10d4\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10e1, \u10db\u10d4\u10e2\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10d8\u10dc\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10db\u10dd\u10ee\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dd\u10e0\u10db\u10d0\u10d2\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 (OECD, 2019), \u10de\u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10da\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3, 2050 \u10ec\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10dc\u10d0\u10e0\u10e9\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ec\u10da\u10d8\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d0\u10dd\u10d3\u10d4\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 70%-\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d8\u10d6\u10e0\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0. \u10d0\u10e6\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10dc\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10ea\u10d4\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10db\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10d5\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d5\u10dc\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d8\u10db\u10dd\u10e5\u10db\u10d4\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10d6\u10dd\u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d4\u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10dd\u10db\u10d8\u10d9\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4. \u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10e3\u10da\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d8\u10e1\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10ec\u10d5\u10d4\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8, \u10e0\u10dd\u10d2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10ea\u10d0\u10d0 \u10db\u10d8\u10ec\u10dd\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10ea\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10d9\u10d8, \u10e1\u10d0\u10d9\u10e3\u10d7\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e3\u10e4\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10d7\u10d0 \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10da\u10d4\u10db\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8, \u10d3\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10d2\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d1\u10d0\u10d6\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8. \u10d4\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0 \u10e3\u10d0\u10e0\u10e7\u10dd\u10e4\u10d8\u10d7\u10d8 \u10e4\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10dc\u10e1\u10e3\u10e0-\u10d4\u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10dd\u10db\u10d8\u10d9\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d0\u10d6\u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10d9\u10d4\u10e0\u10eb\u10dd \u10d9\u10dd\u10db\u10de\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10d7\u10da\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc \u10d4\u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10dd\u10db\u10d8\u10d9\u10d0\u10e1 (Jackson, 2009; Sachs, 2015).<\/p>\n

\u10db\u10e1\u10dd\u10e4\u10da\u10d8\u10dd\u10db \u10d9\u10da\u10d8\u10db\u10d0\u10e2\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10e2\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8\u10da\u10e3\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1, \u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10e3\u10e0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10e7\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10d9\u10e3\u10e0\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10e3\u10dc\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d4\u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10dd\u10db\u10d8\u10d9\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10ef\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10e2\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10d4\u10d2\u10d8\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d8\u10db\u10e3\u10e8\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0. \u10e1\u10e2\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10d4\u10d2\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10ee\u10d4\u10d3\u10d5\u10d8\u10d7, \u10e5\u10d5\u10d4\u10e7\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 2050 \u10ec\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d0\u10db\u10ea\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10dc \u10e1\u10ec\u10dd\u10e0\u10ee\u10d0\u10d6\u10dd\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc \u10d4\u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10dd\u10db\u10d8\u10d9\u10e3\u10e0 \u10d6\u10e0\u10d3\u10d0\u10e1 \u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10e3\u10e0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e0\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10dd\u10dc\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10e7\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ee\u10d0\u10e0\u10ef\u10d6\u10d4 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d7\u10d0\u10dc \u10e3\u10d6\u10e0\u10e3\u10dc\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10e7\u10dd\u10e4\u10d4\u10dc \u10d4\u10d5\u10e0\u10dd\u10d9\u10d0\u10d5\u10e8\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10e0\u10eb\u10d4\u10da\u10d5\u10d0\u10d3\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc \u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10d9\u10e3\u10e0\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10e3\u10dc\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1. \u10d6\u10d4\u10db\u10dd\u10d7\u10ee\u10e1\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da \u10e1\u10e2\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10d4\u10d2\u10d8\u10d0\u10e1 \u10ec\u10e0\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d4\u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10dd\u10db\u10d8\u10d9\u10d0 (Circular Economy, CE) \u10d4\u10ec\u10dd\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 (EU, 2020).
\n\u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10da\u10d4\u10db\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc \u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10d0\u10d3, \u10ec\u10e0\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10db\u10d0 \u10d4\u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10dd\u10db\u10d8\u10d9\u10d0\u10db, \u10db\u10d8\u10e3\u10ee\u10d4\u10d3\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d8\u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db \u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d0\u10ee\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10d7\u10d4\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10d0, \u10e3\u10d9\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10e1\u10d9\u10dc\u10d4\u10da \u10ec\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10e1\u10d0\u10d9\u10e3\u10d7\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10d8 \u10db\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10d5\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d8\u10eb\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10de\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10e2\u10d8\u10d9\u10dd\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10e6\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ec\u10d4\u10e1\u10e0\u10d8\u10d2\u10e8\u10d8\u10ea \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10e9\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0 (Brennan, G.; Tennant, M.; Blomsma, F.;, 2015). \u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e8\u10d9\u10d0\u10e0\u10d0 \u10db\u10e2\u10d9\u10d8\u10ea\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10d0 \u10d4\u10d5\u10e0\u10dd\u10de\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ec\u10e0\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d4\u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10dd\u10db\u10d8\u10d9\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10de\u10d0\u10d9\u10d4\u10e2\u10d8 (European Commission, 2015) \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e9\u10d8\u10dc\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ec\u10e0\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d4\u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10dd\u10db\u10d8\u10d9\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10ee\u10d0\u10e0\u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10ed\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d9\u10d0\u10dc\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8 (Lieder & Rashid, 2016). \u10d2\u10d0\u10e1\u10e3\u10da \u10d0\u10d7\u10ec\u10da\u10d4\u10e3\u10da\u10e8\u10d8 \u10ec\u10e0\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d4\u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10dd\u10db\u10d8\u10d9\u10d0 \u10d0\u10d9\u10d0\u10d3\u10d4\u10db\u10d8\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d9\u10d5\u10da\u10d4\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10d5\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10ea \u10d2\u10d0\u10ee\u10d3\u10d0. \u10e0\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4\u10ea \u10db\u10d4\u10e2\u10e7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10d0\u10db \u10e1\u10d0\u10d9\u10d8\u10d7\u10ee\u10d6\u10d4 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e5\u10db\u10dc\u10d8\u10da\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8 \u10e1\u10e2\u10d0\u10e2\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10df\u10e3\u10e0\u10dc\u10d0\u10da\u10d8. \u10db\u10e1\u10dd\u10e4\u10da\u10d8\u10dd\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d1\u10d4\u10d5\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d9\u10dd\u10db\u10de\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10d0 \u10e1\u10e3\u10da \u10e3\u10e4\u10e0\u10dd \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e3\u10e4\u10e0\u10dd \u10e0\u10ec\u10db\u10e3\u10dc\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10ec\u10e0\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d4\u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10dd\u10db\u10d8\u10d9\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d0\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d6\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 \u10db\u10dd\u10e1\u10d0\u10da\u10dd\u10d3\u10dc\u10d4\u10da \u10e8\u10d4\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10db\u10d0\u10d7\u10e1\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10db\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 (Ellen MacArthur Foundation, 2013).<\/p>\n

\u10e4\u10d4\u10e1\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc \u10d3\u10e6\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10db\u10d3\u10d4<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d0\u10d3, \u10ec\u10e0\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d4\u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10dd\u10db\u10d8\u10d9\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ea\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d4\u10e3\u10da \u10e4\u10d4\u10e1\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 XVIII \u10e1\u10d0\u10e3\u10d9\u10e3\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d1\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10e1\u10d9\u10d4\u10dc \u10db\u10d8\u10d5\u10e7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7. 1978 \u10ec\u10d4\u10da\u10e1 \u10d7\u10dd\u10db\u10d0\u10e1 \u10db\u10d0\u10da\u10d7\u10e3\u10e1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10e5\u10d5\u10d4\u10e7\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da \u10dc\u10d0\u10e8\u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10e8\u10d8 \u201e\u10dc\u10d0\u10e0\u10d9\u10d5\u10d4\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10db\u10dd\u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10d1\u201c \u10d0\u10d5\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e8\u10e4\u10dd\u10d7\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10d0 \u10db\u10e1\u10dd\u10e4\u10da\u10d8\u10dd\u10e1 \u10db\u10dd\u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10da\u10d4\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d4\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10e2\u10e0\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10d2\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d6\u10e0\u10d3\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d0\u10e6\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10dc\u10d0\u10d5\u10e1, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db \u10d0\u10db \u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10de\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d2\u10e0\u10eb\u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d7\u10ee\u10d5\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8, \u10e1\u10d0\u10d6\u10dd\u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d9\u10e3\u10d7\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10d9\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1 \u10d5\u10d4\u10e6\u10d0\u10e0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 (Lacy & Rutqvist, 2015). \u10db\u10d0\u10da\u10d7\u10e3\u10e1\u10db\u10d0, \u10e4\u10d0\u10e5\u10e2\u10dd\u10d1\u10e0\u10d8\u10d5\u10d0\u10d3, \u10ec\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10ed\u10e0\u10d0 \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10da\u10d4\u10db\u10d0, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10ec\u10e7\u10d5\u10d4\u10e2\u10d0\u10ea \u10d3\u10e6\u10d4\u10e1 \u10db\u10e1\u10dd\u10e4\u10da\u10d8\u10dd\u10e1\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e3\u10db\u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10d6\u10dc\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d8\u10e5\u10ea\u10d0. \u10db\u10d0\u10da\u10d7\u10e3\u10e1\u10d8 \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10da\u10d4\u10db\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10ed\u10e0\u10d4\u10da \u10e1\u10d0\u10e3\u10d9\u10d4\u10d7\u10d4\u10e1\u10dd \u10d2\u10d6\u10d0\u10d3 \u10db\u10dd\u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10da\u10d4\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e0\u10d0\u10dd\u10d3\u10d4\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10ea\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10ee\u10d8\u10da\u10d0\u10d5\u10d3\u10d0, \u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10ea \u10d0\u10e0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d2\u10d5\u10d8\u10eb\u10da\u10d8\u10d0 \u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8 \u10dc\u10d0\u10e8\u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d8 \u10e3\u10e8\u10e3\u10d0\u10da\u10dd\u10d3 \u10ec\u10e0\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d4\u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10dd\u10db\u10d8\u10d9\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e4\u10e3\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d0\u10d3 \u10db\u10d8\u10d5\u10d8\u10e9\u10dc\u10d8\u10dd\u10d7. \u10db\u10d0\u10dc \u10e1\u10ec\u10dd\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10e1\u10d0\u10d6\u10e6\u10d5\u10e0\u10d0 \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10da\u10d4\u10db\u10d0, \u10db\u10d0\u10d2\u10e0\u10d0\u10db \u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10ed\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d6\u10d0 \u10d0\u10ee\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10ec\u10e0\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d4\u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10dd\u10db\u10d8\u10d9\u10d8\u10e1 \u10de\u10e0\u10d8\u10dc\u10ea\u10d8\u10de\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc \u10e8\u10dd\u10e0\u10e1\u10d0\u10d0.
\n\u10ec\u10e0\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d4\u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10dd\u10db\u10d8\u10d9\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10ea\u10d4\u10e4\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0\u10e1 \u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10d5\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d1\u10d8\u10eb\u10d2\u10d8 1970-\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10ec\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc \u10db\u10d8\u10d4\u10ea\u10d0 (Ellen MacArthur Foundation, 2013). \u10d0\u10db \u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10dd\u10d3\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8 \u10db\u10d9\u10d5\u10da\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d0\u10da\u10d0\u10de\u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10d9\u10d3\u10d0 \u10e1\u10ec\u10dd\u10e0\u10ee\u10d0\u10d6\u10dd\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc \u10d3\u10d0 \u10ec\u10e0\u10d8\u10e3\u10da \u10d4\u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10dd\u10db\u10d8\u10d9\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10e8\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e4\u10e3\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d6\u10d4. \u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e1 \u10d1\u10d8\u10eb\u10d2\u10d8 \u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10ea\u10d0 \u10d9\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10e2 \u10d1\u10dd\u10e3\u10da\u10d3\u10d8\u10dc\u10d2\u10d8\u10e1 1966 \u10ec\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10de\u10e3\u10d1\u10da\u10d8\u10d9\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0\u10db, \u10e1\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10ea \u10d3\u10d4\u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10ec\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10ee\u10d8\u10da\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10d0 \u10e0\u10dd\u10d2\u10dd\u10e0\u10ea \u10e9\u10d0\u10d9\u10d4\u10e2\u10d8\u10da\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10ec\u10e0\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d6\u10e6\u10e3\u10d3\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10e3\u10e0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7. \u10d0\u10d5\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e6\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10dc\u10d0\u10d5\u10e1, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db \u10d0\u10e3\u10ea\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d4\u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10dd\u10db\u10d8\u10d9\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d5\u10d8\u10d7\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10db\u10dd\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10e0\u10e9\u10e3\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d7\u10d0\u10dc\u10ee\u10d5\u10d4\u10d3\u10e0\u10d8\u10d7, \u10e0\u10d0\u10d8\u10db\u10d4 \u10ec\u10dd\u10dc\u10d0\u10e1\u10ec\u10dd\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10e2\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e6\u10db\u10dd\u10e9\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0 (Boulding, 1966).<\/p>\n

\u10ec\u10e0\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d4\u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10dd\u10db\u10d8\u10d9\u10d0 \u10d7\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10db\u10d4\u10d3\u10e0\u10dd\u10d5\u10d4 \u10d4\u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10dd\u10db\u10d8\u10d9\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10db\u10dd\u10d3\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10d0, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e0\u10e1\u10d8\u10d0 \u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10e3\u10e0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10e7\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d9\u10d4\u10dc \u10e1\u10ec\u10e0\u10d0\u10e4\u10d5\u10d0 \u10db\u10dd\u10ee\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10ea\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1, \u10d2\u10e0\u10eb\u10d4\u10da\u10d5\u10d0\u10d3\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10e7\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1, \u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10ee\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10ee\u10dd\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10e3\u10e0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e4\u10da\u10d0\u10dc\u10d2\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e9\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1, \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10d3\u10e3\u10e5\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10d0\u10d7\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d0\u10d3\u10d2\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10d9\u10dd\u10db\u10de\u10dd\u10dc\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ec\u10e0\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10e7\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d6\u10d8\u10d7. \u10d0\u10e5\u10d4\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10db\u10d3\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4, \u10d4\u10e1 \u10db\u10dd\u10d3\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10d1\u10dd\u10e3\u10da\u10d3\u10d8\u10dc\u10d2\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ec\u10dd\u10dc\u10d0\u10e1\u10ec\u10dd\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10ec\u10d4\u10e2\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10e6\u10ec\u10d4\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10e2\u10d8\u10d0. \u10ec\u10e0\u10d8\u10e3\u10da \u10d4\u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10dd\u10db\u10d8\u10d9\u10d0\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e3\u10eb\u10da\u10d8\u10d0 \u10db\u10d3\u10d2\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d5\u10d8\u10d7\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0 \u10db\u10dd\u10d3\u10d4\u10da\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d8\u10e5\u10ea\u10d4\u10e1, \u10e0\u10d0\u10d3\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc \u10e1\u10ec\u10dd\u10e0\u10ee\u10d0\u10d6\u10dd\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d4\u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10dd\u10db\u10d8\u10d9\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10db\u10dd\u10d6\u10d4 \u10db\u10d0\u10d5\u10dc\u10d4\u10d3 \u10d6\u10d4\u10db\u10dd\u10e5\u10db\u10d4\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d8\u10ec\u10d5\u10d4\u10d5\u10e1 \u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10e3\u10e0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10ec\u10e3\u10e0\u10d5\u10d0\u10e1 (ZeroWIN, 2010). \u10d8\u10d2\u10d8\u10d5\u10d4\u10e1 \u10d8\u10db\u10d4\u10dd\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10db\u10e1\u10dd\u10e4\u10da\u10d8\u10dd \u10d4\u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10dd\u10db\u10d8\u10d9\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e4\u10dd\u10e0\u10e3\u10db\u10d8\u10e1 2014 \u10ec\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10dd\u10ee\u10e1\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u201e\u10ec\u10e0\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d4\u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10dd\u10db\u10d8\u10d9\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10d9\u10d4\u10dc\u201c (WEF, 2014). <\/p>\n

\u10db\u10e1\u10dd\u10e4\u10da\u10d8\u10dd\u10e8\u10d8 \u10ec\u10e0\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d4\u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10dd\u10db\u10d8\u10d9\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e0\u10d0\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10db\u10d4 \u10db\u10dd\u10d3\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10ee\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0. \u10db\u10d0\u10d7\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc \u10de\u10dd\u10de\u10e3\u10da\u10d0\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d1\u10d8 \u10ef\u10dd\u10dc\u10e1\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d4.\u10ec. \u201e5R\u201c-\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10dd\u10d3\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 (\u10db\u10dd\u10ea\u10d4\u10db\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10d0 \u10db\u10d0\u10d2\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d7\u10d4\u10d1\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc \u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d0\u10d3):
\n\"2\"<\/a>
\n<\/p>\n

\u2022 Refuse (\u10e3\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d7\u10e5\u10d5\u10d8):<\/strong> \u10d3\u10d0\u10d8\u10d5\u10d8\u10ec\u10e7\u10d4 \u10e7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d0\u10e4\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d8\u10e1, \u10e0\u10d0\u10ea \u10d0\u10e0 \u10d2\u10ed\u10d8\u10e0\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0. \u10d7\u10e3 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d2\u10d8\u10eb\u10da\u10d8\u10d0, \u10e8\u10d4\u10d8\u10e8\u10e0\u10d4 \u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10ec\u10e0\u10d0\u10e4\u10d8 \u10db\u10dd\u10eb\u10e0\u10d0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d0\u10e0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10d8\u10e7\u10d4\u10dc\u10dd \u10d6\u10d4\u10d3\u10db\u10d4\u10e2\u10d8 \u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10dd\u10ea\u10d8. \u10d0\u10e3\u10ea\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d3\u10d0, \u10d0\u10e0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10d8\u10e7\u10d4\u10dc\u10dd \u10de\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10de\u10d0\u10e0\u10d9\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10d0\u10e6\u10d0\u10d6\u10d8\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc \u10e8\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10eb\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8 \u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10d7 \u10ec\u10d0\u10d8\u10e6\u10d4.
\n\u2022 Reduce (\u10e8\u10d4\u10d0\u10db\u10ea\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4):<\/strong> \u10e8\u10d4\u10d0\u10db\u10ea\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4 \u10e3\u10e1\u10d0\u10e0\u10d2\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10dd \u10e8\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10eb\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8. \u10d8\u10e7\u10d8\u10d3\u10d4 \u10db\u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10d3 \u10d8\u10e1, \u10e0\u10d0\u10ea \u10d0\u10e3\u10ea\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d2\u10ed\u10d8\u10e0\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0
\n\u2022 Reuse (\u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10d8\u10e7\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4 \u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc):<\/strong> \u10e3\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d7\u10e5\u10d5\u10d8 \u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10ef\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10e7\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10dc\u10d8\u10d5\u10d7\u10d4\u10d1\u10d6\u10d4 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d0\u10e5\u10ea\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d0\u10d9\u10d4\u10d7\u10d4 \u10db\u10e0\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10ef\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3\u10d6\u10d4.
\n\u2022 Recycle (\u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10d0\u10db\u10e3\u10e8\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4):<\/strong> \u10d7\u10e3 \u10dc\u10d8\u10d5\u10d7\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc \u10d5\u10d4\u10e6\u10d0\u10e0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10d8\u10e7\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e4\u10d8\u10e5\u10e0\u10d3\u10d8, \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d7\u10e3 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d0 \u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10e3\u10e8\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0?
\n\u2022 Rot (\u10d3\u10d0\u10d0\u10d9\u10dd\u10db\u10de\u10dd\u10e1\u10e2\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4):<\/strong> \u10d8\u10e1\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8, \u10e0\u10d0\u10ea \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10eb\u10da\u10dd\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d9\u10dd\u10db\u10de\u10dd\u10e1\u10e2\u10d8\u10e0\u10d3\u10d4\u10e1, \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10d8\u10e7\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4 \u10dc\u10d8\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10d2\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10e7\u10dd\u10e4\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10d0\u10d3. (Zero Waste)
\n\u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d3\u10d0 \u201e5R\u201c \u10db\u10dd\u10d3\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0, \u10ea\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10d0 \u201e3R\u201c \u10d3\u10d0 \u201e4R\u201c \u10db\u10dd\u10d3\u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10ea, \u10e4\u10d0\u10e5\u10e2\u10dd\u10d1\u10e0\u10d8\u10d5\u10d0\u10d3, \u10d1\u10d8 \u10ef\u10dd\u10dc\u10e1\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10dd\u10d3\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10ea\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10e2\u10d8\u10d0.
\n\u10d1\u10e3\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10ea\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10e1\u10dd\u10e4\u10da\u10d8\u10dd \u10e4\u10dd\u10dc\u10d3\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d9\u10d0\u10d5\u10d9\u10d0\u10e1\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10dd\u10e4\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10dd\u10e4\u10d8\u10ea\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1, \u10db\u10d0\u10d9\u10d0 \u10d1\u10d8\u10ec\u10d0\u10eb\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7, \u10ec\u10e0\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d4\u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10dd\u10db\u10d8\u10d9\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10dd\u10d3\u10d4\u10da\u10d8:
\n\u2022 \u10ea\u10d3\u10d8\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10db\u10dd\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc \u10e3\u10d9\u10d5\u10d4 \u10db\u10d8\u10e6\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10e3\u10e0\u10e1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e6\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10db\u10d0\u10e5\u10e1\u10d8\u10db\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10d8\u10e7\u10d4\u10dc\u10dd\u10e1 \u10e0\u10d0\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10db\u10d4 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10d8\u10ea\u10dd\u10ea\u10ee\u10da\u10dd \u10ea\u10d8\u10d9\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10db\u10d0\u10d5\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8;
\n\u2022 \u10d2\u10d5\u10d0\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d5\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e8\u10e3\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10db\u10e3\u10e8\u10d0\u10dd\u10d7, \u10d0\u10e6\u10d5\u10d0\u10d3\u10d2\u10d8\u10dc\u10dd\u10d7 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d8\u10e1\u10d4\u10d5 \u10d1\u10d8\u10d6\u10dc\u10d4\u10e1\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10d1\u10e0\u10e3\u10dc\u10dd\u10d7 \u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10e3\u10e0\u10e1\u10d8, \u10e0\u10d8\u10d7\u10d0\u10ea \u10d5\u10d0\u10db\u10ea\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d7 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10db\u10dd\u10d6\u10d4 \u10d6\u10d4\u10db\u10dd\u10e5\u10db\u10d4\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1 \u10dd\u10e0\u10d8 \u10db\u10d8\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10e3\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7: \u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8 \u10db\u10ee\u10e0\u10d8\u10d5, \u10dc\u10d0\u10e0\u10e9\u10d4\u10dc\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e0 \u10d5\u10d0\u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d7 \u10dc\u10d0\u10d2\u10d0\u10d5\u10e1\u10d0\u10e7\u10e0\u10d4\u10da\u10d6\u10d4 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10d4\u10dd\u10e0\u10d4 \u10db\u10ee\u10e0\u10d8\u10d5, \u10d0\u10e0 \u10d2\u10d5\u10ed\u10d8\u10e0\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10e3\u10e0\u10e1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10d0\u10ee\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10dd\u10de\u10dd\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d1\u10e3\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8;
\n\u2022 \u10e5\u10db\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10ee\u10d0\u10da, \u10d8\u10dc\u10dd\u10d5\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10e3\u10e0 \u10d1\u10d8\u10d6\u10dc\u10d4\u10e1-\u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1;
\n\u2022 \u10e5\u10db\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e3\u10d9\u10d5\u10d4 \u10d3\u10d0\u10ee\u10d0\u10e0\u10ef\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10e0\u10d2\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1, \u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e9\u10d0\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10dc\u10d4\u10d3\u10da\u10d4\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10ea\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10d4\u10dd\u10e0\u10d4\u10d3 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10e7\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1 (\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10e5\u10d0\u10eb\u10d4, 2018).<\/p>\n

2020 \u10ec\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 11 \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10e2\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10e5\u10d5\u10d4\u10e7\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d4\u10d5\u10e0\u10dd\u10d9\u10d0\u10d5\u10e8\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u201e\u10d0\u10ee\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10ec\u10e0\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d4\u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10dd\u10db\u10d8\u10d9\u10d8\u10e1\u201c \u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10e5\u10db\u10d4\u10d3\u10dd \u10d2\u10d4\u10d2\u10db\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10ee\u10d4\u10d3\u10d5\u10d8\u10d7, \u10d1\u10d8\u10d6\u10d4\u10dc\u10e1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d9\u10dd\u10dd\u10e0\u10d3\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10e3\u10e8\u10d0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10d0 \u10db\u10d3\u10d2\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3\u10d8 \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10d3\u10e3\u10e5\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e4\u10e3\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e5\u10db\u10dc\u10d0, \u10e0\u10d0\u10ea \u10d4\u10d5\u10e0\u10dd\u10d9\u10d0\u10d5\u10e8\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d7, \u10d0\u10ee\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e0\u10d9\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10ee\u10e1\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1. \u10db\u10d3\u10d2\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3, \u10ec\u10e0\u10d8\u10e3\u10da \u10d4\u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10dd\u10db\u10d8\u10d9\u10e3\u10e0 \u10e1\u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10d5\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10d2\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e3\u10e5\u10ea\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0\u10d3\u10d8 \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10ea\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8 \u10d4\u10d5\u10e0\u10dd\u10d9\u10d0\u10d5\u10e8\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d8\u10dc\u10d3\u10e3\u10e1\u10e2\u10e0\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10e2\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10d4\u10d2\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10e3\u10e7\u10dd\u10e4\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10dc\u10d0\u10ec\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10d0. \u10e3\u10d9\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10e1\u10d9\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10d9\u10d5\u10da\u10d4\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d5\u10d8\u10e9\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db \u10ec\u10e0\u10d8\u10e3\u10da \u10d4\u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10dd\u10db\u10d8\u10d9\u10d0\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e5\u10d5\u10e1 \u10de\u10dd\u10e2\u10d4\u10dc\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0\u10da\u10d8, 2030 \u10ec\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d6\u10d0\u10e0\u10d3\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d4\u10d5\u10e0\u10dd\u10d9\u10d0\u10d5\u10e8\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10e8\u10de (\u10db\u10d7\u10da\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d8\u10d2\u10d0 \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10d3\u10e3\u10e5\u10e2\u10d8) \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 0.5%-\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e5\u10db\u10dc\u10d0\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 700 000 \u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10e3\u10e8\u10d0\u10dd \u10d0\u10d3\u10d2\u10d8\u10da\u10d8 (Cambridge Econometrics, 2018).<\/p>\n

\u10d4\u10d5\u10e0\u10dd\u10d9\u10d0\u10d5\u10e8\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8 \u10ec\u10e0\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d4\u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10dd\u10db\u10d8\u10d9\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d5\u10d8\u10d7\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10e1\u10d0\u10d9\u10e3\u10d7\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da \u10e7\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3\u10e6\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10d0\u10e5\u10ea\u10d4\u10d5\u10e1 \u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10e0\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8\u10d9\u10d8\u10e1, \u10e2\u10d4\u10e5\u10e1\u10e2\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10e1, \u10de\u10da\u10d0\u10e1\u10e2\u10db\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10e1, \u10e1\u10d0\u10d9\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10d0\u10d7\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e4\u10e3\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d8\u10dc\u10d3\u10e3\u10e1\u10e2\u10e0\u10d8\u10d0\u10e1. \u10d0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d5\u10d4 \u10d0\u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10e3\u10e0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e4\u10da\u10d0\u10dc\u10d2\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10ea\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1 (The European Green Deal, 2020).<\/p>\n

\u10d0\u10db\u10d1\u10d8\u10ea\u10d8\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d4\u10d5\u10e0\u10dd\u10d9\u10d0\u10d5\u10e8\u10d8\u10e0\u10db\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d0 \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10e2\u10dd, \u10e3\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d0\u10d0\u10e9\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10dd\u10e1 \u10e0\u10d4\u10d2\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10e3\u10da \u10d6\u10e0\u10d3\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10ea \u10de\u10da\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10e2\u10d0\u10e1 \u10e3\u10e4\u10e0\u10dd \u10db\u10d4\u10e2\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10ea\u10d4\u10db\u10e1, \u10d5\u10d8\u10d3\u10e0\u10d4 \u10ec\u10d0\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10db\u10d4\u10d5\u10e1, \u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10d5\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10de\u10d8. \u10d3\u10d4\u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10ec\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10dd\u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10da\u10d4\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10dd\u10ee\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d9\u10d5\u10d4\u10e3\u10da \u10e1\u10d0\u10d6\u10e6\u10d5\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e3\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10dd\u10d4\u10e5\u10ea\u10d4\u10e1, \u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10e3\u10e0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10e7\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10d5\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d5\u10dc\u10d0\u10d3 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10ea\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10dd\u10db\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10da \u10d3\u10d4\u10d9\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10ec\u10e0\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dd\u10e0\u10db\u10d0\u10d2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ed\u10d8\u10e0\u10dd (EU, 2020).<\/p>\n

\u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10e7\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10da\u10d8\u10e2\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0<\/strong>
\n\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10e5\u10d0\u10eb\u10d4, \u10e5. (2018). \u10ec\u10e0\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d4\u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10dd\u10db\u10d8\u10d9\u10d0: \u10d0\u10da\u10e2\u10d4\u10e0\u10dc\u10d0\u10e2\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10ea\u10d4\u10e4\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0 \u10db\u10d3\u10d2\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3\u10d8 \u10d4\u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10dd\u10db\u10d8\u10d9\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d5\u10d8\u10d7\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1. \u10d3\u10d0\u10d1\u10e0\u10e3\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 2020 \u10ec\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10de\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10d8, eugeorgia.info<\/a>-\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc
\nBoulding, K. (1966). The Economics of the Coming Spaceship Earth. \u10d3\u10d0\u10d1\u10e0\u10e3\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 2020 \u10ec\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 1 \u10db\u10d0\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8, www.ub.edu<\/a>-\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc
\nBrennan, G.; Tennant, M.; Blomsma, F.;. (2015). Business and production solutions: Closing the Loop in Kopnina, H. EarthScan.
\nCambridge Econometrics. (2018). Impacts of circular economy policies on the labour market.
\nEllen MacArthur Foundation. (2013). the Circular Economy. Isle of Wight.
\nEU. (2020). A new Circular Economy Action Plan For a cleaner and more competitive Europe. Brussels.
\nEuropean Commission. (2015). Closing the loop – An EU action plan for the Circular Economy. Brussels: European Commission.
\nJackson, T. (2009). Prosperity without growth. Economics for a finite planet. London, New York.: Earthscan.
\nLacy, P., & Rutqvist, J. (2015). Waste to Wealth. Palgrave Macmillan.
\nLieder, M., & Rashid, A. (2016). Towards circular economy implementation: A comprehensive review in context of manufacturing industry.
\nOECD. (2019). Global Material Resources Outlook to 2060: Economic Drivers and Environmental Consequences. Paris: OECD Publishing.
\nSachs, J. (2015). The Age of Sustainable Development. Columbia University Press.
\nThe European Green Deal. (2020). Circular Economy Action Plan.
\nUnited Nations. (\u10d7. \u10d2.). Goal 12: Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns. \u10d3\u10d0\u10d1\u10e0\u10e3\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 2020 \u10ec\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10de\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10d8, www.un.org<\/a>-\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc
\nWEF. (2014). Towards the Circular Economy: Accelerating the scale-up across global supply chains. WEF.
\nZero Waste. (\u10d7. \u10d2.). Zero Waste. \u10d3\u10d0\u10d1\u10e0\u10e3\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 2020 \u10ec\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10de\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10d8, www.addisoncountyrecycles.org<\/a>-\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc
\nZeroWIN. (2010). Towards Zero Waste in Industrial Networks. \u201cApproaches to Zero Waste\u201d. .<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u10d1\u10d4\u10e5\u10d0 \u10d1\u10d0\u10d8\u10d0\u10e8\u10d5\u10d8\u10da\u10d8 \u10d8\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4 \u10ef\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10ee\u10d8\u10e8\u10d5\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d7\u10d1\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10db\u10ec\u10d8\u10e4\u10dd \u10e3\u10dc\u10d8\u10d5\u10d4\u10e0\u10e1\u10d8\u10e2\u10d4\u10e2\u10d8 IV \u10d9\u10e3\u10e0\u10e1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10e2\u10e3\u10d3\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d8 \u10d4\u10da-\u10e4\u10dd\u10e1\u10e2\u10d0: beka.baiashvili@wikimedia.ge \u10d0\u10dc\u10dd\u10e2\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0: \u10ec\u10e0\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d4\u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10dd\u10db\u10d8\u10d9\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e4\u10e3\u10eb\u10d5\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10e3\u10e0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e0\u10d4\u10d2\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0\u10e1\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc, \u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10e3\u10e0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":12615,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[120,13],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\n\u10ec\u10e0\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d4\u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10dd\u10db\u10d8\u10d9\u10d0 - 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